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The Federal Railroad Administration The Federal Railroad Administration is one of the DOT's 10 departments involved in intermodal transportation. Its mission is enabling the safe and efficient transportation of people and goods. FRA field inspectors regularly inspect railroad track, signal and train control systems as and operating practices. They also investigate complaints. Definition Federal railroads are the rail carriers in the United States controlled by the federal government. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) establishes and enforces safety regulations, manages railway funding, and studies ways to improve rail transportation systems. The FRA is one of the 10 agencies of the U.S. Department of Transportation that is concerned with intermodal transportation, and its chief executive officers are the Administrator and Deputy Administrator. The agency supervises all freight and passenger transport that uses the nation's railway network. The agency also coordinates the funding provided by the federal government for rail transportation and assists in the rehabilitation of the Northeast Corridor passenger service. Additionally, the agency oversees the management and ownership of all intermodal facilities such as tracks, right-of-way, equipment and real property as well as rolling stock. It also handles the overall coordination of federal rail transportation programs. FRA's duties also include establishing through regulation and following an opportunity for comments the procedure through which anyone can notify the Secretary Homeland Security any railroad security issues or issues. Additionally, the FRA sets up policies and conducts inspections to assess the compliance of its rail safety laws in six technical disciplines that include track signal and train control motive power and equipment operating practices, hazmat and highway-rail grade crossings. The agency is responsible of making sure that the railroad transportation system is operated in a safe, economical, and environmentally friendly manner. This is why the agency requires railroads to ensure the safety of their workers and provide the appropriate training to their employees. fela claims determines and enforces the cost of railroad services to ensure that the public is billed fair prices for transportation services. In addition, the Federal Railroad Administration enacts and enforces rules to prevent discrimination against railroad employees, as well as protects whistleblowers from retaliation from railroad companies. The agency also has a procedure for railroad employees to file complaints regarding the conduct of their company. The main goal of the agency is to enable the secure reliable and efficient transportation of goods and people to ensure a secure America both now and in the future. The FRA accomplishes this through controlling safety of railroads, coordinating programs for assistance to railroads and conducting research that supports the improvement of safety for railroads and national rail transportation policy, coordinating and supporting rail networking development as well as helping the private sector manage railroads. In the past, railroads controlled the market, with very little competition. In the end, the industry frequently abused its position in the marketplace. Congress created the Interstate Commerce Commission, as and other regulatory agencies, to curb railroad monopolies' abuses. Purpose Federal railroads are government agencies that set regulations, manage rail funds and conduct research to improve rail transportation in the United America. It manages the railway infrastructure of the United States and supervises passenger and freight railroads. It is one of 10 agencies in the U.S. Department of Transportation. It is also responsible for maintaining and expanding the existing railroad systems. The main responsibility of the federal government in the railway industry is safety. The Federal Railroad Administration is responsible for this. It has several divisions which oversee the country's passenger and freight railway operations. The most important of these is the Office of Railroad Safety, with approximately 350 safety inspectors and is responsible for conducting inspections to determine compliance with the regulations in six technical disciplines that include track signals, train control, motive power and equipment, operating procedures, hazmat and highway-rail grade crossings. FRA has other departments which include the Office of Railroad Policy and Development. This department oversees programs that aim at improving freight and passenger railway transport, including the Northeast Corridor Future. This department is responsible for the grants given to railways and works with other agencies in order to determine the nation's rail requirements. The FRA also has a responsibility to enforce federal laws that pertain to railroads and their employees. This includes preventing railroads to discriminate against employees and making sure that injured railway employees are taken to the nearest hospital to receive treatment. Additionally, railroads are prohibited from refusing or delaying medical care to injured railway employees. The FRA is the primary regulator of the passenger and freight rail industries, but there are other organizations that manage the economic aspects of rail transportation. The Surface Transportation Board, for instance is responsible for setting rates and managing the economics of the sector. It has regulatory authority over mergers in the railroad industry lines sales construction, and abandonment. Other responsibilities include the establishment of regulations after opportunity for public input, by which anyone may report alleged rail safety violations to the agency. Functions Rails transport goods and people from and to cities in developed countries as and villages in less developed countries. They transport raw materials to processing and manufacturing factories, and then the final products from those factories to warehouses and stores. Rail is an essential mode of transportation for a number of essential commodities including grains, oil and coal. In 2020, freight rail moved more than a quarter of nation's total freight volumes [PDFThe PDF file contains. Federal railroads operate like any other business with departments for marketing, operations, sales and an executive department. The department for marketing and sales collaborates with potential and current customers to determine the type of rail services they need and the amount they should cost. The operations department then creates rail services that meet these needs at the lowest price possible to earn money for railroad. The executive department oversees the entire operation, making sure every department is operating efficiently. The government offers support to railways in a variety of ways, from grants to subsidized rates for government-owned transport. Congress also offers funds to help build new track and stations. These subsidies are often in addition to the revenue the railroads receive from tickets and freight contracts. In the United States, the government is the owner of the railway for passengers, Amtrak. It is a quasi-public for profit corporation with a significant stockholder that is the United States government. A key function of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is establishing and enforcing safety regulations for railroads. This involves regulating the mechanical condition of trains as well as the safety and health of railroad employees. FRA also gathers and analyzes information on rail safety to identify patterns and areas that might require more or better regulatory attention. In addition to these primary functions, FRA works on various other projects related to improving the security and economy of railway transportation in the United States. The agency, for example seeks to lower the barriers that could delay railroads in adopting positive train control (PTC). PTC is a safety system that makes use of sensors and computers on board to stop the train when it is too close to another vehicle or object. History In the 1820s and 1830s, the first railroads in America were built, primarily in New England and Mid-Atlantic. Railroads significantly accelerated industrialization in those areas and also brought more food items to the market. This helped the country to become more independent and less dependent on foreign imports, which helped to foster a strong economic base. In the late 19th century the railroad industry experienced an “Golden Age” in which new, more efficient rail lines were built and passenger travel became popular. The government's efforts to expand the railroad system was an important aspect. The government, for example provided homesteaders land grants in order to encourage them to move to the West. Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads also partnered to build the first transcontinental railroad which allowed passengers to travel from New York City to San Francisco within six days. However in the early part of the 20th century, demand for passenger railroad services decreased and other transportation options like airplanes and cars gained popularity, while the stifling of regulations choked railroads' ability to compete economically. The industry was plagued by a string of bankruptcies service cuts, bankruptcy, and deferred maintenance. Additionally, a misguided railroad regulations from the federal government caused the demise of the industry. Around the year 1970, the federal authorities began to ease the regulatory restrictions on railroads. Surface Transportation Board was created to oversee economic aspects such as railroad rates and mergers. The Federal Railroad Administration was also created, which sets rail safety regulations and is among the 10 agencies in the U.S. Department of Transportation which oversees passenger and freight transportation. Since then, the railway infrastructure of the United States has seen a lot of investment. The Northeast Corridor, for example was rebuilt to accommodate faster, more modern high-speed ground transportation (HSGT) trains. Efforts have also been made to improve the efficiency of freight rail systems. FRA hopes to continue to work with all transportation agencies to ensure safe and reliable rails in the future. It is the agency's job to ensure that the transportation system of the United States is as efficient as it can be.